OUR PRODUCTS
Titan Energy offers solutions for supply of
the following products.
We specialize in wholesaling high quality diesel in amounts ranging from 3000 litre consignments and
above. Our products are sourced from refineries and established re-sellers and meet all standard
testing requirements. Our pricing is extremely competitive. Most of our business is derived from
diesel sales, petrol and illuminating paraffin sales
EN 590
EN590 Diesel Fuel: Overview and Key Details EN590 is the European standard for automotive diesel fuel, specifying the quality and performance criteria for diesel used in vehicles. This fuel is commonly used across Europe and in many other countries that adhere to similar specifications, ensuring consistency in fuel quality for both vehicle manufacturers and consumers. 1. Composition and Characteristics Base: EN590 is a diesel fuel that consists primarily of hydrocarbons, derived from crude oil through refining processes. Sulfur Content: EN590 diesel must contain no more than 10 parts per million (ppm) of sulfur, which is classified as ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD). This drastically reduces harmful emissions such as sulfur dioxide (SO₂). Cetane Number: A minimum cetane number of 51, which indicates good ignition quality for efficient combustion in diesel engines. Energy Content: The energy content of EN590 diesel is around 35.8-45.5 MJ/kg, offering a good balance of power and efficiency for automotive and heavy-duty engines. 2. Key Features Low Sulfur: The reduced sulfur content helps minimize harmful emissions, aligning with stringent environmental standards. Cleaner Combustion: The formulation of EN590 ensures fewer particulate emissions, resulting in lower levels of air pollution and less damage to vehicle engines. Compatibility: Designed for use in most modern diesel engines, including those with advanced emissions control systems (e.g., diesel particulate filters (DPF), selective catalytic reduction (SCR)). 3. Applications Automotive Transport: The primary fuel used in passenger cars, trucks, and buses in Europe and other regions following similar standards. Heavy-Duty Vehicles: Powers commercial vehicles such as delivery trucks, long-haul lorries, and construction machinery. Agricultural and Industrial Equipment: Used in tractors, generators, and other diesel-powered equipment. 4. Environmental Impact Reduced Emissions: Due to the low sulfur content, EN590 helps reduce sulfur dioxide (SO₂) emissions, which are harmful to both human health and the environment. Compliance with European Regulations: EN590 fuel complies with the Euro 5 and Euro 6 standards for vehicle emissions, helping to meet the EU’s air quality and climate goals. Biofuel Blending: Increasingly, biofuels, such as biodiesel, are blended with EN590 diesel to further reduce its environmental impact. 5. Benefits Cleaner Engine Performance: The low sulfur content of EN590 helps protect diesel engines, fuel injectors, and exhaust after-treatment systems. Longer Engine Life: The cleaner combustion and fewer contaminants contribute to the overall longevity of engines. Regulatory Compliance: EN590 diesel is designed to meet European emissions standards, ensuring vehicles are compliant with the latest air quality regulations. 6. Comparison with Other Diesel Fuels FeatureEN590 DieselUS Diesel (ULSD)B20 Biodiesel Sulfur Content≤10ppm (Ultra-Low Sulfur)≤15ppm (Ultra-Low Sulfur)Varies (generally ≤20% biodiesel) Cetane Number≥51≥40-55 (varies)≥47 (varies by blend) AdditivesStandard detergents and lubricantsStandard additives for performanceBiodiesel, anti-foaming agents Use CaseCommercial & passenger vehiclesCommercial & passenger vehiclesCommercial & passenger vehicles 7. Challenges Biofuel Blending: Increasing biofuel content in diesel (e.g., B10, B20 blends) can affect fuel stability, cold-weather performance, and engine compatibility. Cost Fluctuations: Diesel prices are susceptible to fluctuations in global oil markets and refining processes. Emissions Controls: While EN590 meets strict emissions standards, ongoing concerns about particulate matter and NOₓ emissions from diesel engines lead to ongoing development of cleaner technologies. 8. The Future of EN590 Sustainable Diesel: The growing interest in sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), renewable diesel, and biodiesel as alternatives to conventional petroleum-based EN590 fuel is helping reduce the carbon footprint of the transportation sector. Electrification and Hybrid Technologies: As electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid vehicles become more widespread, the role of diesel may continue to shift toward more niche uses in heavy-duty transportation and industrial sectors. Alternative Fuels: Research into synthetic diesel and other non-petroleum-based fuels aims to offer cleaner, more sustainable alternatives to EN590.
JET A1
Jet A-1 Fuel: Overview and Key Details Jet A-1 is a type of aviation fuel widely used in commercial and military aircraft with turbine engines, such as jets and turboprops. It is a kerosene-based fuel that meets stringent specifications for safety, performance, and efficiency under extreme flight conditions. 1. Composition and Characteristics Base: Composed of refined kerosene with specific additives for stability and performance. Freezing Point: -47°C (-53°F), ensuring usability in high-altitude, cold environments. Energy Density: High energy content (approximately 42.8 MJ/kg), crucial for long-haul flights. Flash Point: Minimum 38°C (100°F), reducing the risk of accidental ignition. Additives: Anti-Static Agents: To prevent static charge buildup. Corrosion Inhibitors: Protect fuel systems from degradation. Antioxidants: Prevent gum formation in storage. Biocides (optional): Control microbial growth in fuel systems. 2. Key Features Thermal Stability: Can withstand the high temperatures of jet engines without degrading. Clean Combustion: Produces consistent and reliable thrust with minimal residues. Global Availability: Standardized globally, ensuring compatibility across airports and aircraft. 3. Applications Commercial Aviation: Used in passenger and cargo aircraft worldwide. Military Aviation: Powers fighter jets, transport planes, and reconnaissance aircraft. Charter and Business Jets: A standard fuel for private aviation. 4. Benefits Reliability: Designed for safe performance in extreme flight conditions, such as high altitudes and varying temperatures. Efficiency: High energy density supports long-distance flights with reduced fuel weight. Standardization: Uniform quality and specifications simplify global logistics. 5. Environmental Considerations Carbon Emissions: Jet A-1 combustion releases CO₂ and other greenhouse gases, contributing to aviation’s environmental impact. Sulfur Content: Contains lower sulfur compared to older aviation fuels, reducing sulfur dioxide (SO₂) emissions. Sustainability Initiatives: Increasing focus on blending Jet A-1 with Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAFs) derived from renewable sources to lower the carbon footprint. 6. Comparison with Other Aviation Fuels Fuel TypeFreezing PointPrimary UseKey Difference Jet A-1-47°C (-53°F)Commercial and military jetsGlobally used standard aviation fuel. Jet A-40°C (-40°F)North American aviationHigher freezing point, less common globally. JP-8-47°C (-53°F)Military applicationsIncludes additional additives for combat needs. Sustainable Fuels (SAF)VariesBlend with Jet A-1 for green aviationRenewable alternative to reduce carbon emissions. 7. Challenges Cost Variability: Prone to price fluctuations due to dependency on crude oil markets. Environmental Impact: A significant contributor to global CO₂ emissions. Storage and Handling: Requires careful storage to prevent contamination or water absorption. 8. The Future of Jet A-1 Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAFs): Increasing adoption of SAFs blended with Jet A-1, such as biofuels and synthetic kerosene, aims to cut aviation emissions. Hydrogen and Electric Alternatives: Research into hydrogen and electric propulsion could eventually replace fossil-based Jet A-1. Efficiency Improvements: Advances in aircraft and engine technology continue to improve fuel efficiency.
Diesel (50ppm)
Diesel (50ppm): Overview and Key Details Diesel (50ppm) refers to a low-sulfur diesel fuel containing a maximum sulfur concentration of 50 parts per million (ppm). It is a cleaner-burning alternative to traditional high-sulfur diesel and is widely used in transportation, agriculture, and industrial sectors. The reduced sulfur content helps minimize harmful emissions, making it an environmentally friendly option. 1. Composition and Characteristics Sulfur Content: 50ppm diesel contains only 50 parts per million of sulfur, significantly lower than older diesel grades (e.g., 500ppm or more). Energy Density: Provides high energy content, ensuring efficient performance for engines. Additives: Detergents to keep fuel injectors clean. Lubricants to reduce wear in modern engines. Anti-foaming agents to improve fueling efficiency. 2. Key Features Low Sulfur: Reduces emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO₂), which is a major contributor to acid rain. Clean Combustion: Results in fewer particulates and pollutants when burned. Compatibility: Suitable for modern diesel engines, especially those equipped with advanced emissions control systems like diesel particulate filters (DPFs). 3. Applications Transportation: Used in trucks, buses, and passenger vehicles powered by diesel engines. Agriculture: Fuels farm equipment like tractors, harvesters, and irrigation pumps. Construction: Powers heavy machinery such as excavators, cranes, and bulldozers. Industrial Generators: Provides reliable energy for backup power and industrial processes. 4. Environmental Benefits Reduced Emissions: Lower sulfur content minimizes SO₂ emissions, helping to meet air quality standards. Supports compliance with environmental regulations such as Euro IV, Euro V, and EPA standards. Cleaner Engines: Reduces soot and particulate buildup, extending engine life and improving efficiency. 5. Regulatory Standards Adoption: Many countries have mandated the use of 50ppm diesel as part of their transition toward ultra-low-sulfur diesel (ULSD) and stricter emissions standards. Emissions Reduction: Meets requirements for regions aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve air quality. 6. Comparison to Other Diesel Grades Feature500ppm Diesel50ppm Diesel10ppm Diesel Sulfur ContentUp to 500ppmUp to 50ppmUp to 10ppm Environmental ImpactHigher emissionsModerate emissionsMinimal emissions Engine CompatibilityOlder enginesModern enginesAdvanced emissions-control systems 7. Benefits of 50ppm Diesel Health and Safety: Reduces exposure to harmful pollutants. Improved Air Quality: Plays a role in decreasing urban air pollution. Cost-Effective Transition: Balances environmental benefits with affordability compared to ultra-low-sulfur alternatives. 8. Challenges Cost: Slightly more expensive to produce and purchase than higher-sulfur diesel due to the refining process. Transition: Infrastructure upgrades may be needed in regions still reliant on higher-sulfur fuels. 9. The Future of Diesel (50ppm) While 50ppm diesel is a significant step toward cleaner fuels, many regions are further transitioning to 10ppm diesel or renewable alternatives like biodiesel and synthetic diesel to meet stricter environmental targets.
Petroleum
Petroleum: Overview and Key Details Petroleum, often referred to as crude oil, is a naturally occurring liquid composed of hydrocarbons and other organic compounds. Formed over millions of years from the remains of ancient marine organisms, petroleum is the foundation of the global energy system and serves as a primary source for fuels, chemicals, and materials. 1. Composition and Characteristics Hydrocarbons: A mixture of carbon and hydrogen molecules, including alkanes, cycloalkanes, and aromatic hydrocarbons. Sulfur and Nitrogen Compounds: Present in varying amounts, influencing the quality of the crude. Physical States: Ranges from light, low-viscosity oils to heavy, tar-like substances. Color can vary from light brown to black. 2. Formation and Extraction Formation Process: Petroleum forms from the decomposition of organic matter under heat and pressure over geological time. Reservoirs: Found in underground rock formations, often accompanied by natural gas. Extraction: Drilled from reservoirs using onshore and offshore rigs. Advanced methods include horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing. 3. Refining and Processing Crude oil is refined into various products through processes like distillation and cracking. Major refined products include: Gasoline: A fuel for vehicles. Diesel: Used in transportation and industrial machinery. Jet Fuel: Powers aircraft engines. LPG: Liquefied Petroleum Gas for heating and cooking. Petrochemicals: Feedstocks for plastics, chemicals, and synthetic materials. 4. Applications Energy Production: Fuels power plants, vehicles, and industrial equipment. Chemical Industry: Produces a wide range of products, from plastics to pharmaceuticals. Transportation: Powers nearly all types of vehicles, ships, and planes. Lubricants and Asphalt: Used for machinery maintenance and road construction. 5. Global Importance Economic Driver: Petroleum is a cornerstone of modern economies, influencing global trade and geopolitics. Energy Dominance: Accounts for over 30% of the world’s primary energy consumption. Strategic Commodity: Plays a key role in national energy security. 6. Environmental and Health Concerns Greenhouse Gas Emissions: Combustion of petroleum products is a major source of CO₂ emissions. Oil Spills: Pose severe threats to marine ecosystems and biodiversity. Air Pollution: Releases sulfur dioxide (SO₂), nitrogen oxides (NOₓ), and particulate matter. Health Risks: Exposure to petroleum products and their byproducts can cause respiratory and other health issues. 7. Challenges Resource Depletion: Non-renewable, with concerns over long-term availability. Volatile Prices: Susceptible to geopolitical tensions and market fluctuations. Transition to Renewables: Increasing pressure to shift to sustainable energy sources. 8. Future of Petroleum Enhanced Recovery Methods: Technologies like CO₂ injection are being developed to extract more oil from existing fields. Cleaner Refining: Innovations in refining processes aim to reduce emissions and environmental impact. Shift to Alternatives: Governments and industries are promoting renewables and biofuels as substitutes for petroleum products. Carbon Capture: Efforts are underway to reduce CO₂ emissions associated with petroleum use.
LPG
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG): Overview and Key Details Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is a versatile, energy-dense fuel composed of hydrocarbon gases, primarily propane (C₃H₈) and butane (C₄H₁₀), which are liquefied under moderate pressure. Widely used in domestic, industrial, and automotive applications, LPG is valued for its clean combustion, portability, and efficiency. 1. Composition and Characteristics Components: Typically a mixture of propane and butane in varying proportions, sometimes with small amounts of other hydrocarbons. Physical State: Stored as a liquid under pressure and converts to a gas when released. Energy Content: High calorific value, making it efficient for heating and cooking. Odorant: An odorant like ethyl mercaptan is added for leak detection since LPG is naturally odorless. 2. Common Uses Domestic Applications: Cooking: LPG is a primary fuel for stoves and ovens, particularly in regions without natural gas pipelines. Heating: Used for space and water heating in homes. Industrial Applications: Fuel for Equipment: Powers forklifts, generators, and industrial ovens. Chemical Feedstock: Used in petrochemical processes for producing plastics and synthetic materials. Automotive Fuel: Known as autogas, LPG is used in vehicles as an alternative to petrol and diesel. Agricultural Use: Powers equipment such as crop dryers and irrigation pumps. Recreational Use: Portable LPG cylinders are common for camping and outdoor cooking. 3. Advantages of LPG Clean Burning: Produces fewer pollutants, such as carbon dioxide (CO₂) and particulates, compared to coal or wood. Energy Efficiency: High energy output per unit makes it economical for heating and cooking. Versatility: Suitable for a wide range of applications, from domestic to industrial. Portable: Easily stored and transported in pressurized cylinders. Renewable Potential: Biogas and bio-LPG are emerging renewable alternatives. 4. Challenges and Limitations Storage Requirements: Requires pressurized tanks or cylinders for safe storage. Infrastructure Dependence: Limited by availability of supply chains and distribution networks in some regions. Cost Variability: Prices can fluctuate based on global oil and gas markets. Flammability: High fire risk if not handled and stored properly. 5. Environmental Impact Lower Carbon Footprint: Produces less CO₂ compared to traditional fossil fuels like coal or oil. Cleaner Combustion: Minimal emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and nitrogen oxides (NOₓ). Non-Renewable: Although cleaner than other fossil fuels, traditional LPG is still derived from natural gas processing and crude oil refining. 6. Safety Considerations Leak Detection: Odorized to enable detection of leaks. Storage: Cylinders should be stored upright in well-ventilated areas away from ignition sources. Fire Risks: LPG is highly flammable and requires careful handling to prevent accidents. 7. Future Trends Bio-LPG: Renewable LPG produced from biological feedstocks like vegetable oils and animal fats is gaining popularity as a sustainable alternative. Hybrid Systems: Integration of LPG with renewable energy systems (e.g., solar) to create more sustainable energy solutions. Autogas Growth: Increasing use of LPG as a cleaner and cost-effective automotive fuel, especially in regions with emissions reduction targets.
Aviation Gasoline
Aviation Gasoline (AvGas): Overview and Key Details Aviation Gasoline (AvGas) is a specialized fuel designed for use in piston-engine aircraft. It is distinct from jet fuel, which is used in turbine-engine aircraft, and is engineered to meet the high-performance demands of aviation engines while ensuring reliability and safety at high altitudes. 1. Composition and Characteristics Refined Blend: AvGas is a highly refined mixture of hydrocarbons, optimized for stability, energy density, and anti-knock properties. Octane Rating: Typically has a high octane number (e.g., 100) to prevent engine knocking and allow for optimal performance. Additives: Tetraethyl Lead (TEL): Used in traditional grades like 100LL (Low Lead) to enhance octane rating and prevent pre-ignition. Anti-Icing Agents: Prevent freezing at high altitudes. Corrosion Inhibitors: Protect fuel systems from wear and degradation. 2. Grades of AvGas 100LL (Low Lead): The most common grade, with reduced but still present tetraethyl lead content to support older aircraft engines. Unleaded AvGas: Emerging alternative to 100LL, designed to reduce environmental and health concerns associated with leaded fuels. 3. Key Features High Volatility: Ensures efficient combustion in piston engines even in cold weather or at high altitudes. Energy Density: Provides the high power output required for aviation operations. Longevity: Engineered to resist degradation during storage, ensuring safety and performance. 4. Applications General Aviation: Used in small aircraft, private planes, and recreational aviation. Military and Training Aircraft: Supports piston-engine planes still in operation. Specialized Applications: Occasionally used in vintage or experimental vehicles and engines. 5. Environmental and Regulatory Considerations Lead Concerns: The presence of tetraethyl lead in traditional AvGas has raised health and environmental issues. Efforts are underway to phase out leaded fuels globally. Sustainable Alternatives: Unleaded AvGas options, such as G100UL, and bio-based aviation fuels are being developed to reduce the environmental impact. 6. Differences Between AvGas and Jet Fuel FeatureAvGasJet Fuel (e.g., Jet-A) Engine TypePiston enginesTurbine engines CompositionHigh-octane gasolineKerosene-based fuel AdditivesTEL (in 100LL), anti-knock agentsAnti-icing, static dissipators Environmental ImpactHigher (due to lead)Lower (no lead) 7. Safety and Handling Storage: Requires proper containment to prevent evaporation and contamination. Ignition Risk: Highly flammable; must be handled with care near heat sources. Aircraft Compatibility: Engines must be certified for the specific grade of AvGas used. 8. The Future of AvGas Unleaded Transition: Regulatory bodies and fuel manufacturers are advancing unleaded alternatives. Sustainability: Research into biofuels and synthetic aviation gasoline is underway to reduce carbon footprints. Cost and Accessibility: Efforts to standardize unleaded fuels aim to balance environmental goals with affordability for aviators.
Biofuel
Biofuel: Overview and Key Details Biofuels are renewable energy sources derived from organic materials, such as plants, animal waste, and agricultural residues. They serve as an environmentally friendly alternative to fossil fuels, offering reduced greenhouse gas emissions and improved energy sustainability. 1. Types of Biofuels Biofuels are generally categorized into first-generation, second-generation, and third-generation types based on the raw materials and production processes: First-Generation Biofuels Sources: Food crops like corn, sugarcane, and soybeans. Examples: Bioethanol: Produced from fermentation of sugars in crops. Biodiesel: Made from vegetable oils or animal fats. Limitations: Competes with food supply and may lead to land-use concerns. Second-Generation Biofuels Sources: Non-food biomass such as agricultural residues, wood, and grasses. Examples: Cellulosic Ethanol: Extracted from plant fibers. Renewable Diesel: Made from non-food oils or waste. Advantages: Uses waste materials, reducing the environmental and ethical concerns of first-generation fuels. Third-Generation Biofuels Sources: Algae and other microorganisms. Examples: Algal Biofuel: Derived from algae that can produce oils for fuel. Advantages: Highly efficient and does not compete with food crops. 2. Common Biofuels Bioethanol: Blended with gasoline to reduce emissions; widely used in the transportation sector. Biodiesel: Compatible with diesel engines and reduces greenhouse gas emissions. Biogas: Produced from the anaerobic digestion of organic waste; used for electricity generation and heating. Renewable Jet Fuel: A biofuel alternative for aviation, helping reduce carbon footprints. 3. Benefits of Biofuels Renewable Source: Derived from naturally replenishing materials. Lower Emissions: Reduces CO₂ and sulfur emissions compared to fossil fuels. Energy Security: Reduces dependency on imported oil and promotes local production. Economic Growth: Supports agricultural and waste management industries. 4. Challenges and Limitations Land and Resource Use: First-generation biofuels can compete with food production and lead to deforestation. Production Costs: Advanced biofuels (second- and third-generation) require complex technologies, making them more expensive. Energy Yield: Some biofuels have lower energy content compared to traditional fossil fuels. Infrastructure: Compatibility issues with existing fuel systems can require costly upgrades. 5. Environmental Impact Carbon Neutrality: Biofuels can achieve near-zero net carbon emissions since the CO₂ absorbed by plants offsets emissions from combustion. Reduced Pollution: Lowers emissions of particulate matter, sulfur, and nitrogen oxides. 6. Applications Transportation: Blends of biofuels (e.g., E10, B20) are used in cars, trucks, and aircraft. Power Generation: Biogas and bio-oils are used in power plants to generate electricity. Heating: Biodiesel and biogas provide sustainable heating options for homes and industries. 7. Future of Biofuels Innovation in Feedstocks: Development of algae and waste-based fuels. Policy Support: Global initiatives like carbon pricing and renewable energy incentives drive biofuel adoption. Integration with Fossil Fuels: Hybrid fuels and blends offer transitional solutions for industries
D6 Fuel
D6 fuel, often referred to as Residual Fuel Oil or Bunker Fuel, is a heavy fuel oil commonly used in large-scale industrial applications and maritime shipping. Here's an overview of its key characteristics and applications: 1. Composition and Characteristics Grade: D6 fuel is categorized as a low-grade, viscous fuel oil. Appearance: It is thick and heavy, often requiring heating to be pumped or used. Sulfur Content: The sulfur levels vary, with grades ranging from high-sulfur fuel oil (HSFO) to low-sulfur fuel oil (LSFO) depending on environmental regulations. Density: It has a higher density than lighter fuels like diesel, making it more energy-dense but less refined. 2. Common Uses Marine Industry: D6 is primarily used as bunker fuel for powering large ships, including cargo vessels, tankers, and container ships. Power Generation: It is used in industrial boilers and power plants as a cost-effective energy source. Heating Applications: In regions with relaxed environmental regulations, D6 is used for heating large-scale facilities. 3. Benefits Cost-Effective: D6 fuel is less expensive than more refined fuels like diesel or gasoline, making it an attractive option for heavy industries. Energy-Dense: Its high energy density provides more power output per unit compared to lighter fuels. Availability: D6 is widely available, especially near major ports and industrial hubs. 4. Challenges Environmental Concerns: Due to its high sulfur and impurity content, D6 can contribute significantly to air pollution. Stricter emissions regulations, such as the IMO 2020 sulfur cap, have limited its use in favor of cleaner alternatives. Handling Requirements: The fuel's viscosity and density require specialized equipment, such as heating systems, to ensure proper storage and use. Regulatory Compliance: Users must navigate compliance with varying regional and international regulations. 5. Regulatory Impact The International Maritime Organization (IMO) introduced a global sulfur cap in 2020, reducing the allowable sulfur content in marine fuels to 0.5%, down from 3.5%. This has prompted many industries to shift to low-sulfur alternatives or install scrubbers for emissions control when using D6. 6. Variants High-Sulfur Fuel Oil (HSFO): Typically used in older vessels or facilities with emissions control technology. Low-Sulfur Fuel Oil (LSFO): Complies with modern environmental standards and is increasingly in demand.